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VAN DER BILT UNIVERSITY

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    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Table of Contents

  • In This Issue
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 19, May 2026. <br/>... Read more »
  • Evaluating the statistical realism of LLM-generated social science data
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 19, May 2026. <br/>SignificanceLarge language models (LLMs) enable the generation of data that could potentially be analyzed for social research. While the need for assessing the validity of such AI-generated data is widely recognized, we do not yet have a... Read more »
  • Demonstrating real advantage of machine learning–enhanced Monte Carlo for combinatorial optimization
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 19, May 2026. <br/>SignificanceIn this work, we address a question that has attracted intense interest in recent years: whether machine learning-assisted algorithms can genuinely outperform classical approaches in challenging combinatorial optimization problems. While ...... Read more »
  • Sterol divergence across eukaryotic kingdoms determines membrane susceptibility to saponins, a class of plant defense compounds
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 19, May 2026. <br/>SignificanceThe basis for the selective activity of saponins across organisms, and for plant self-resistance during their biosynthesis and storage, is not fully understood. Here, we show that membrane sterol identity governs susceptibility to saponins and ...... Read more »
  • Inflammasome adaptor protein ASC is a mechanistic checkpoint in IL-1β maturation
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 19, May 2026. <br/>SignificanceInflammasomes are supramolecular complexes that activate caspase-1 and other inflammatory caspases in response to pathogenic and damage stimuli. While inflammasomes play important roles in host defense, their excessive activation leads to ...... Read more »
  • Reconstructing ancient genomes from gene counts: A robust likelihood framework with sampling bias correction
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 19, May 2026. <br/>SignificanceHow has evolution shaped the diverse gene repertoires of extant genomes? We find that current methods seeking to reconcile a genome phylogeny with complex gene sequence histories quickly hit a crisis-point where the phylogenetic signal for ...... Read more »
  • MiR-155-driven loss of ICOSL and SOCS1 in EBV+ gastric cancers renders abundant cytotoxic T cells ineffective, enabling immune evasion
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 19, May 2026. <br/>SignificanceCytotoxic T cells [cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)] play a critical role in antitumor immunity; however, cancer cells have evolved immune evasion strategies that impair CTL recognition and effector function. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-positive ...... Read more »

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UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

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UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON

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SciTechDaily

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    SciTechDaily

  • Fur Seals’ Hearts Suddenly Spike Hours After Returning to Land
    Fur seals may look relaxed on shore, but their hearts reveal a hidden battle still underway after deep dives. Diving places enormous physical stress on marine mammals. During long and deep dives, animals can switch to ‘anaerobic’ (oxygen-less) metabolism in parts of the body outside the heart and brain, which... Read more »
  • Scientists Say Cognitive Decline Isn’t Inevitable — Your Brain Can Improve at Any Age
    A long-term study found that brain health can improve throughout life with consistent daily habits, cognitive training, and personalized support, regardless of age. What if the brain doesn’t have to follow the familiar path of gradual decline with age? A major new study published in Scientific Reports is challenging long-held... Read more »
  • This Weird Sea Creature May Have Rewritten Life’s Genetic Rulebook
    Long-distance gene control first emerged around 650 to 700 million years ago, significantly earlier than scientists had previously believed. Life depends on timing. Every cell must turn genes on and off at just the right moment. Even the simplest forms of life have mastered this, usually with switches located right... Read more »
  • The Hidden Types of Dementia Most People Have Never Heard Of
    Dementia is more than memory loss, and rare types can affect vision, movement, and behavior. Recognizing these symptoms early can improve diagnosis and support. When most people hear the word “dementia,” they think of memory loss and forgetfulness. But dementia can affect far more than memory, causing changes in speech,... Read more »
  • Scientists Discover Why Alcohol Prevents the Liver From Healing, Even After You Quit
    Scientists have uncovered why severely damaged livers can continue failing even after a person stops drinking alcohol. The human liver is famous for its ability to regenerate. Ancient myths even referenced its seemingly endless capacity to heal. But in people with severe alcohol-related liver disease, that recovery system can suddenly... Read more »
  • Scientists Solve a 60-Year-Old Fat Cell Mystery — and It Changes What We Know About Obesity
    A decades-old assumption about how the body handles fat may have been incomplete. For 60 years, scientists believed they understood exactly how a protein called HSL worked. Since the 1960s, hormone-sensitive lipase has been recognized as one of the body’s main fat-burning enzymes, helping release stored fat when energy is... Read more »
  • A Crucial Atlantic Current Is Weakening and Weather Could Change Worldwide
    A giant Atlantic Ocean current that helps regulate Earth’s climate is slowing down, and scientists say the impacts could be global. A massive Atlantic Ocean circulation system that plays a central role in regulating Earth’s climate has been weakening for nearly 20 years, according to a new study. Scientists say... Read more »

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY

MESON STARS

NEW SCIENTIST

NEUROSCIENCE NEWS

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    Neuroscience News

  • Novel Antibody Repairs Acute Spinal Cord Lesions
    Can a targeted antibody reverse paralysis following a traumatic spinal cord injury? A landmark multinational clinical trial shows that the novel antibody NG101 preserves damaged nerve tissue and accelerates lesion regression in acute spinal cord injuries.... Read more »
  • Harsh Parenting Biologically Distorts Child Stress Regulation
    A new study utilizes Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) monitoring to provide rare biological evidence of parent-child "co-regulation." While less-harsh mothers naturally exit the regulatory driver's seat as their preschoolers age into independent self-regulation, aggressive parenting upends this evolutionary pipeline.... Read more »
  • Wearable Polygraph Tracks Deep-Body Stress Signals
    A new ultra-lightweight device provides a multi-dimensional, real-time view of biophysical stress without needing access to bodily fluids.... Read more »
  • Why 90% of Humans Share the Same Dominant Hand
    Why is the human population overwhelmingly right-handed? A study solves this long-standing evolutionary puzzle by linking lateralized behavior directly to bipedalism and brain expansion.... Read more »
  • Rogue Antibodies Drive Tau Pathology
    A new study establishes a direct causal link between IgLON5 antibodies and Tau pathology. By applying patient antibodies to mouse models, the team discovered that antibody-induced clustering of cell-surface IgLON5 proteins sparks profound neuronal hyperactivity.... Read more »
  • Single Psilocybin Dose Sparks Rapid Depression Remission
    Can a single dose of psilocybin replace daily antidepressants? A new randomized clinical trial shows that a 25 mg dose of the psychedelic compound delivers rapid, clinically meaningful symptom reductions for common depression in just 48 hours.... Read more »
  • Review of 60+ Alcohol-Caused Diseases Details Reversibility
    A new study confirms that alcohol is a major cause of over 60 entirely attributable diseases and injuries, ranging from liver cirrhosis to dementia. By temporarily crippling the immune system and altering neurological judgment, alcohol increases susceptibility to both chronic diseases and acute infections. While long-term abstinence allows for the... Read more »

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