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    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Table of Contents

  • In This Issue
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 12, March 2025. <br/>... Read more »
  • Primitive homochiral polyester formation driven by tartaric acid and calcium availability
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 12, March 2025. <br/>SignificanceUnderstanding the origins of biological homochirality remains a fundamental challenge in prebiotic chemistry. Our research highlights the pivotal role of simple inorganic ions, such as Ca2+, in shaping the chiral selection and polymerization ...... Read more »
  • Isolated steady solutions of the 3D Euler equations
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 12, March 2025. <br/>SignificanceIn the study of the stationary incompressible fluid flows, one finds a subtle interplay between flexibility and rigidity properties, that is, between the existence of a wealth of solutions and the significant constraints that they must ...... Read more »
  • BCFW tilings and cluster adjacency for the amplituhedron
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 12, March 2025. <br/>SignificanceScattering amplitudes in a quantum field theory describe probabilities of different outcomes when particles interact. In 2005, Britto, Cachazo, Feng, and Witten gave a recurrence for computing scattering amplitudes inN= 4 super Yang–Mills ...... Read more »
  • Accelerated peptide bond formation at air–water interfaces
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 12, March 2025. <br/>SignificancePeptides and proteins lie at the heart of biological function, but molecular-level details of how their fundamental building blocks—amino acids—linked together under prebiotic conditions remain unclear. Herein, we unveil a unique isomerization-...... Read more »
  • ETV5 reduces androgen receptor expression and induces neural stem–like properties during neuroendocrine prostate cancer development
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 12, March 2025. <br/>SignificanceProstate cancer typically relies on male hormones for growth; however, prolonged hormone therapy can lead to a more aggressive form known as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), which is resistant to treatment. This study identifies E26 ...... Read more »
  • Decoding in-cell respiratory enzyme dynamics by label-free in situ electrochemistry
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 12, March 2025. <br/>SignificanceUnderstanding enzyme function in living organisms is vital for advancing biochemistry and therapeutic strategies. However, traditional in vivo enzyme assays have primarily focused on enzymes unrelated to complex respiration. This study ...... Read more »

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    SciTechDaily

  • Arctic Alarm: Thinning Ice Could Tip Global Ocean Currents Into Chaos
    A major ocean current in the Arctic, the Beaufort Gyre, is changing rapidly due to climate warming—and this could trigger a chain reaction that disrupts the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), the system behind the Gulf Stream. Scientists warn that melting sea ice may reach a tipping point, causing the... Read more »
  • 99% Effective: First Hormone-Free Male Birth Control Pill Enters Human Trials
    YCT-529, a hormone-free male birth control pill, has shown high effectiveness in animals and is now in human trials, marking a breakthrough in male contraception. While the FDA has approved more than 20 types of contraceptives, only two options currently exist for men: condoms and vasectomies. Although about 25% of... Read more »
  • Jurassic Sea Monster Resurfaces: Rare Fossil Unveils Secrets of Plesiosaur Evolution
    A remarkably complete plesiosaur fossil found in southern Germany is shedding light on the early evolution of these iconic marine reptiles. This Plesiopterys wildi specimen, unearthed from Holzmaden’s Posidonienschiefer Formation, reveals new insights into how plesiosaurs diversified and spread during the Early Jurassic. Rare Glimpse into Early Jurassic Marine Reptiles... Read more »
  • Researchers Discover mRNA Vaccines Leave Lasting Mark on the Immune System
    Researchers at the University of Cologne have found that mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines have a lasting impact on the innate immune system. These mechanisms could enhance the body’s ability to defend itself against future infections. Researchers from the University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne have demonstrated that novel mRNA-based COVID-19... Read more »
  • Superconducting Surprise: Strange Behavior in Ultra-Thin Materials
    A team of physicists uncovered a strange twist in how superconductors behave when they’re reduced to just a few atomic layers. Using powerful magnetic imaging, they found that superconductivity in ultra-thin materials doesn’t follow the usual rules – it becomes surface-based rather than distributed throughout the material. This surprising discovery... Read more »
  • Baffling Scientists: Galactic Spin Mystery Challenges Big Bang Assumptions
    A Kansas State University study using Webb Telescope data found most galaxies in a deep field rotate in the same direction, suggesting possible flaws in current cosmological models or observational biases related to the Milky Way’s motion. In just over three years since its launch, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope... Read more »
  • Papaya and Passion Fruit Show Unexpected Cancer-Fighting Potential
    Researchers from Brazil and Germany have investigated how phytochemicals from papaya, passion fruit, and various medicinal plant extracts work at the molecular level. Their findings were presented during FAPESP Week in Germany, highlighting potential health benefits and therapeutic applications. Fruits and plant extracts are rich in bioactive compounds that may... Read more »

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY

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NEUROSCIENCE NEWS

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    Neuroscience News

  • Glutamate Unlocks Brain Cell Channels to Enable Thinking and Learning
    Researchers used advanced cryo-electron microscopy to capture atomic-level images of how glutamate, a key neurotransmitter, opens channels in brain cells. These channels, known as AMPA receptors, are essential for neuron-to-neuron communication and play a role in learning, memory, and disorders like epilepsy.... Read more »
  • Smell Test at Home May Sniff Out Early Cognitive Decline
    A new study highlights that olfactory testing could offer a simple, cost-effective way to detect early cognitive impairment from home. Researchers found that older adults with mild cognitive issues performed worse on odor identification and memory tasks than cognitively normal individuals.... Read more »
  • Why Simply Putting Away Your Phone Won’t Help You Focus
    A new study reveals that placing your smartphone out of reach doesn’t significantly reduce distraction or boost productivity. While participants used their phones less when they were farther away, they simply shifted their attention to other devices like laptops. The core issue isn’t the phone itself but the deeply ingrained... Read more »
  • Infomorphic Neurons Bring AI One Step Closer to Brain-Like Learning
    Researchers have developed a new kind of artificial neuron—called infomorphic neurons—that can independently learn and self-organize with nearby neurons, mimicking the decentralized learning of biological brains. Inspired by pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex, these neurons process local signals to adapt and specialize in tasks without external control.... Read more »
  • Dopamine Circuit in Brain Found to Drive Male Ejaculation
    New research uncovers how dopamine in the ventral shell of the nucleus accumbens (vsNAc) governs the sexual behavior sequence in male mice, from sniffing to ejaculation. Using fiber photometry, scientists identified rhythmic dopamine activity during intromission that aligns with movement patterns and is regulated by acetylcholine inputs.... Read more »
  • Dopamine Surge Boosts Brain’s Ability to Adapt
    For the first time, researchers have directly observed dopamine release in the human brain during moments of cognitive flexibility. Using PET imaging, they found that dopamine levels spike in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex when people switch between tasks — and the more dopamine released, the more efficiently they adapted.... Read more »
  • Killing in Combat Doesn’t Always Harm Soldiers’ Mental Health
    A large study of over 14,000 Norwegian veterans reveals that taking a life in combat doesn't automatically damage a soldier’s mental health—context matters. Veterans from Afghanistan, where combat was expected and rules of engagement were clear, showed no long-term psychological harm from killing.... Read more »

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